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There are two main areas where governments are attempting to solve urban sprawl issues, and they can vary depending on whether it is state or local government. The two areas are regulations and market incentives.
| Regulation Solutions | Market Incentives |
|---|---|
|
Designing zoning requirements to control what kind of land can be developed in certain areas Levying impact fees and requiring developers to fund projects for public good, particularly related to population growth Limiting the urban growth boundary so that cities are forced to increase population density instead of sprawl Information/education campaigns aimed at encouraging urban density rather than sprawl Designating certain areas as green zones to protect undeveloped land is a regulation strategy |
Subsidies that support density and discourage sprawl. These can be quite effective, such as providing financial incentives for repurposing existing land instead of building on undeveloped property Tax breaks for activities or construction that support population density Publicly funded mass transit, which can reduce the need for personal transport, thereby reducing the need for wider roads while encouraging higher population density and proximity to mass transit services |
There are several opportunities beginning to be taken advantage of, which if fostered, can provide future solutions to urban sprawl:
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There are some real challenges to addressing urban sprawl. These include:
| Issue | Challenge |
|---|---|
| Historical Zoning Laws | Prevent mixed use and urban density, which can be slow and difficult in changing |
| Adequate Services | Providing services such as parking, grocery stores, and emergency response within dense urban settings can also be difficult |
| Stakeholder Disagreement | In denser municipalities there are more stakeholders and groups to bring into alignment, which can cause conflict |
| Private Developers | Financed through banks, private developers can be adamant and difficult to dissuade from facilitating urban sprawl |
| Agencies | Those providing development permits can be difficult to control and manage for density |
| Communities | Designing communities to provide comfortable housing within a reasonable distance to businesses can also be difficult |
Source: Adapted from Sophia instructor Jensen Morgan, CENTRAL PARK PD HTTP://BIT.LY/1UBAPUM DUBAI CC HTTP://BIT.LY/1CEKPPW
