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In-Text Citations

Author: Ms. K

An Introduction to Citations

Source: Made by Ms. K

MLA In-Text Citations

Source: Made by Ms. K

APA In-Text Citations

Direct Quotations:

Introduce the quotation with a short phrase.  This phrase should include the author's last name followed by the year published in parentheses.  Then after the quote include the page number using a "p."

Later Smith (2008) says, "The problem with today's youth is that they can't citing things properly" (p.89).
 

OR

Introduce the quote without the author's name.  In this case put the last name, year published, and page number (separateed by commas) in the parenthesis.

The major issue today is often linked to citations: "The problem with today's youth is that they can't citing things properly" (Smith, 2008, p. 89).

 

Summary or Paraphrase:

Introduce the idea with a short phrase.  This phrase should include the author's last name followed by the year published in parentheses.  Then after the quote include the page number using a "p."

It seems clear that Smith (2008) agrees that today's largest problem among the young is citations (p.89).
 

OR

Introduce the idea without the author's name.  In this case put the last name, year published, and page number (separateed by commas) in the parenthesis.

The major issue today is often linked to the lack of ability to create citations (Smith, 2008, p. 89).

 

No Page Number:

Just skip it.

The major issue today is often linked to the lack of ability to create citations (Smith, 2008).

Later Smith (2008) says, "The problem with today's youth is that they can't citing things properly."

OR

Use the paragraph number (labeled para.) and the section title if there is one.

Later Smith (2008) says, "The problem with today's youth is that they can't citing things properly" (Citation Revealed section para. 4).

 

No Author:

Use the first word or two of the article in parenthesis in place of the author.

The major issue today is often linked to the lack of ability to create citations ("The problems", 2008).

OR

Use the entire title in the text.

Later an article entitled "The problems with the APA formatting regulations of today" (2008) says, "The problem with today's youth is that they can't citing things properly."

 

Source: Made by Ms. K