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Karyotype

Author: Allyson Dunn

Karyotypes

Karyotypes

 

Genetics Unit Notes

Genetic Disorders

I.                   What is Karyotyping?

    A. Analyzing the chromosomes for ________________

    B. usually involves blocking cells in mitosis and staining the condensed   

        chromosomes with Giemsa dye.

    C. The bands don’t represent single genes, but in fact the thinnest bands

          contain over a million base pairs and potentially hundreds of genes

    D. For example, the size of one small band is about equal to the entire   

         genetic information for one bacterium

 

       
 
 
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Individual A                                              Individual B

 

 

What is the gender of the individual A? How do you know?

 

 

What is the gender of the individual B? How do you know?

 

 

For a quick review:

How many chromosomes do you get from dad? ______

How many chromosomes do you get from mom? _____

What are chromosome pairs #1-22 called? ________________

What is chromosome pair #23 called? ____________________

 

 

 

II.                

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Identify the abnormality, if any, and gender for the karyotypes to the left

 

1.

 

 

2.

 

 

3.

 

 

4.

 

 

5.

 

 

Abnormal number of sex chromosomes

 

 

Genotype

Gender

Syndrome

Physical Traits

XO

 

 

sex organs don't mature at adolescence, sterility, short stature

XXY, XXYY, XXXY

 

 

sterility, small testicles, breast enlargement

XYY

 

 

Normal male traits

XXX

 

 

tall stature, learning disabilities, limited fertility

 

           
   

 

 
 
 

#1

#2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


What kind of information can be discovered through a karyotype analysis?

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compare monosomy with trisomy? How could you tell them apart on a karyotype analysis?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In your own words, explain what happens in nondisjunction. (use the illustration to help you)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Are any abnormalities recognized in either karyotype to the left? Explain how you came to this conclusion.