Charles Darwin was the first individual to coin the term natural selection. Darwin observed the process of natural selection and wrote about it in his famous book called On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.
The theory of natural selection states that individuals in a population have a variety of traits. Due to a diversity of traits, individuals are not equally likely to survive and reproduce.
The concept that individuals are selected for based on favorable traits is called survival of the fittest.
Certain traits are more advantageous depending on the environment. Unequal reproductive success is called natural selection.
Example:
Imagine that there is a purple bird population that is blue/grey colorblind. The purple bird's main food source is a type of bug that exists in two different colors, red and blue. Because the bird can only see the red bugs well, they are more likely to be eaten. The red bugs that are susceptible to the purple bird are selected for and the blue bugs survive to live on and reproduce.
1. A population of bugs with varied traits
2. The purple bird eliminates the bugs with red coloring because they can be seen more easily
3. The surviving blue bugs reproduce
