Physical Science Content Strand A

P.12.A.1 Students know different molecular arrangements and motions account for the different physical properties of solids,
liquids and gases. E/S.

♦ Given a diagram, choose the molecular arrangement that best describes a solid, liquid, or gas
♦ Recognize the differences between solids, liquids, and gases.
♦ Analyze the motion of particles in solids, liquids, and gases.
♦ Explain properties of the states of matter using kinetic‐molecular theory.

P.12.A.2 Students know elements in the periodic table are arranged into groups and periods by repeating patterns and
relationships. E/S

♦ Explain why elements in the main groups (metals, nonmetals, alkali metals, alkaline earths, halogens, and noble [inert] gases) on
the periodic table have similar properties.
♦ Identify the positions of metals and non‐metals on the periodic table.
♦ Classify elements as metals and non‐metals.
♦ Predict periodic trends in atomic mass and atomic number.
♦ Recognize the difference between the atomic number and the atomic mass of an element.
♦ Calculate the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons given the atomic number and atomic mass for a given isotope of any
element in the periodic table. (See also P.12.A.8.)

P.12.A.3 Students know identifiable properties can be used to separate mixtures. E/S

♦ Identify mixtures and compounds.
♦ Identify heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures.
♦ Design separation processes based on properties (e.g., magnetism, solubility, density, boiling point, and properties that lend
themselves to mechanical sorting).