Gymnosperms are plants that produce seeds which aren't enclosed by a protective fruit. Gymnosperms often have needle-like or scalelike leaves and a deep root system.
Ginkgoes
Only one species of Ginkgo still exists, Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgo trees are often planted along streets because they have a high tolerance for air pollution.
Cycads
Most plants were cycads 175 million years ago. Cycads grow in tropical and subtropical regions. Cycads have an appearance similar to palm trees but with cones. The cones of cycads can be the size of a football.
Conifers
The most diverse group of gymnosperms, these are cone-bearing plants. Examples are plants like pine trees, sequoias, and evergreens. Conifers keep their needles year-round.
Gnetales
Can be trees, shrubs, or vines. This type of gymnosperms live in tropical rain forests and hot deserts.
Image: A ginkgo tree