Reflective Teachers and Coaches

Video Transcription

Hi. My name is Ashley, and today's lesson is titled Reflective Teachers and Coaches. In today's lesson, we will discuss what a reflective teacher is. We will also review the Pappas model of reflection and the Hatton and Smith model and review how it can be applied to coaches and teachers.

What is a reflective teacher? And reflective teacher is a teacher who returns to their instruction to determine if students have met the objective. If the objective is not met, the teacher adjusts their professional teaching practices appropriately. Reflection should occur during all stages of instruction, such as during the design, while preparing activities and materials, and during the lesson, as well as after the lesson has been taught.

How can the Pappas model of reflection be applied? The Pappas model of reflection is most often used in teacher self-reflection, as we have mentioned in other lessons, but it can also be used for coaches. The coach reflects on the lesson taught by the teacher using the levels based on Bloom's taxonomy.

Remembering-- what did the teacher do? This is where the coach will reflect on what actually happened during the instruction. Understanding-- what was significant about the lesson? Reflect on why what occurred during the lesson was important. Applying-- how can the teacher use this lesson or activity again? Reflect on what changes need to be made or things that would need to be added in order to use this lesson again while incorporating what was observed.

Analyzing-- what patterns or strategies were present? Evaluating-- how well did the teacher do? Reflect on the teacher's proficiency. In what areas did the teacher exceed expectations? Lastly, creating-- what happens next? Reflect on the next steps the teacher should take. What can be done to enhance instruction? As you can see, these questions can be used for the teacher as well as the coach. The coach may use these questions to analyze the observation and provide effective feedback for the teacher.

How can the Hatton and Smith model of reflection be applied? Some teachers may find the Hatton and Smith model to be a more appropriate reflection tool after coaching. Using the Hatton and Smith model, the teacher will write to discuss the lesson activities. You can do this by making a list of activities involved.

Next, the teacher will justify actions. This is explaining the reason for your actions. Next, the teacher will have a dialogue with their self to reflect on decisions made during the lesson. And lastly, the teacher should reflect in terms of the big picture. Think about what can be done in the whole scheme of things, and not just in your classroom, but school-wide.

Let's recap what we have discussed in today's lesson. We defined a reflective teacher as a teacher who returns to their instruction to ensure that their students have met the objectives. They make changes if needed. We considered how the Pappas model can be used for reflecting. The coach uses the levels that are based on Bloom's taxonomy to reflect in the lesson. And lastly, the Hatton and Smith model of reflection involves the teacher writing out parts of the lesson and reflecting in terms of the big picture.

If you were going to be coached, what model would you prefer? How would you like to receive feedback? If I were going to be coached, I would prefer the Pappas reflection model. The questions based on Bloom's taxonomy would definitely help me analyze my lesson in those six areas. I feel that by starting out with what happened and then going to deeper levels of intellect would help me thoroughly reflect on my lesson.

I would also benefit by doing this with my coach so my coach could provide descriptive feedback on what was observed. After meeting with my coach, I would use the Hatton and Smith model of reflection by writing out what occurred and the reasoning behind my strategies and discuss with myself as I reflect. This way, I can use the information my coach provided me.

If you were going to be a coach, what model would you use? I know if I were going to be a coach, I would feel more comfortable with using the Pappas model of reflection for the same reason I would use it as a teacher. Focusing on the six areas gives the reflection process structure and decides what's important and what needs to be focused on.

Now it's your turn to apply what you've learned in this video. The Additional Resources section will be super helpful. This section is designed to help you discover useful ways to apply what you've learned here. Each link includes a brief description so you can easily target the resources you want.