The Rock Cycle is a concept in Geology that describes the transitions among three different types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Weathering- the breaking down of rocks, soils, and other minerals when in contact with the Earth's atmosphere
Erosion- the process of removing soil, rock, and other dissolved material from the Earth's crust
Cementation- the act of particles of sediment beginning to stick together by clay or other minerals
Crystallization- the act of magma cooling and different crystals forming from different temperatures
Metamorphism- when a rock is exposed to extreme heat and pressure but does not melt, but may change the mineral composition
Igneous Rocks are formed by the hardening of magma. There are two types of igneous rocks.
1. Intrusive
2. Extrusive
Sedimentary rocks are formed by the collection and fusion of different materials at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water. These rocks are formed through weathering and may contain fossils, drinking water, or oil. These rocks can give us insight into what Earth was like in the past.
To learn more about the different types of sedimentary rocks, visit this website: https://www.thoughtco.com/abou...
The word "metamorphic" means to change forms. Metamorphic rocks result from the transformation of a pre-exisitng rock, usually from heat and pressure. They are located deep within the Earth's surface and are not melted.
For more införmation regarding the different processes that take place during the rock cycle, visit https://learning-center.homesc... there is also a fun science project that you can try at home if you are interested.
Mount Rushmore is composed of granite and mica-schist. Granite is an igneous rock and mica-schist is a metamorphic rock.
Now for a little fun. This may help to remember the three different types of rocks better.
Using the vocabulary terms presented in the lesson, describe the process of the rock cycle in specific regards to how each rock is formed.
You may either answer this question in paragraph form, or you may draw a diagram. If you choose to draw diagram, please label it with the appropriate terms and processes. I will collect this from you at the end of class.
