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Solid - atoms are tightly packed, and don't move around (desk, pencil, backpack)
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Liquid - spaces between atoms that move slightly all the time (water, soda, juice)
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Gas - atoms are always moving. There is so much space between the atoms that you can move around in it. (air, steam)
Changing States
Adding energy, in the form of heat, can change a solid to a liquid. And if we continue to add heat, our liquid will turn into gas.
Removing energy from a gas can create liquid. And if we continue to remove heat, our liquid will freeze into a solid.
The Big Question!
What's the matter with a bowl of chicken noodle soup? (what states of matter can you find in a bowl of chicken noodle soup?)