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Unity is a design principle that brings all the elements into a visual oneness.
This refers to linking various elements of work together to create an effective visual piece or design. Many will argue that unity is the main goal of any piece.
A design or photo, drawing or painting, is most effective when everything in the piece is in agreement. It's important to note that all elements in visual design are interdependent, which means they all work together to form unity and one design.
Take a look at the image of a bridge below.
Everything looks very unified, and some would argue that the bridge is what unifies this piece as a whole.
What would happen if we removed this bridge? It would feel like something is off. There would be an emptiness and a lot of negative space. The image needs the bridge to really bring this piece together.
Now look at this image of two boats.
It's a very balanced photo; things are where they need to be and tie together nicely. But if one of the boats was missing, the photo would not feel the same anymore.
Finally, refer to the image of a pattern below.
If you added something, instead of removing something, there is still a loss of unity.
Suddenly, the circle breaks the unity in this piece. When nothing distracts from a piece as a whole, there's a good likelihood that that piece is unified.
Source: THIS WORK IS ADAPTED FROM SOPHIA AUTHOR MARIO E. HERNANDEZ