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Variables, Data, and Other Terms in Statistics

Author: Alexander Greene

New words in this packet

This is a list of all of the terms covered in this packet. Definitions and examples will be provided in the powerpoint below.

  • Variable
  • Data
  • Quantitative Data
  • Qualitative Data
  • Experiment
  • Parameter
  • Statistic

Source: Greene

Statistical Terminology

This slide show introduces us to basic statistical terms, defines them, and gives examples of each.

Source: Greene

Quantitative vs. Qualitative

Which of the following variables is qualitative, and which is quantitative?

Height of a tree

Color of a tree

Age of a tree

Number of leaves on a tree

Type of tree

Uses of trees

Width of a leaf on a tree

 

 

 

 

 

Qualitiative: Color of a tree, type of tree, uses of a tree. These are all non-numeric variables.

Quantitative: Height of a tree, age of a tree, number of leaves on a tree, width of a leaf on a tree. All of these variables can be written out as numbers.

Source: Greene

Discrete vs. Continuous

All of the following are quantitative variables. But can you decide which ones are discrete, and which are continuous?

Diameter of a baseball

Weight of a baseball

Number of pitches in an at-bat in a baseball game

Number of players on a baseball team

Length of a baseball game

How many home runs were hit in a game

Length of a baseball bat

 

 

 

 

 

Discrete: Number of pitches in an at-bat in a baseball game, number of players on a baseball team, how many home runs were hit in a game. All of these can be counted out individually (one home run, two home runs, three home runs, etc)

Continuous: Diameter of a baseball, weight of a baseball, length of a baseball game, length of a baseball bat. These are all measurements, which is the most common continuous variable. The length of a game, for example, doesn't have to be 3 hours. We can get very specific, such as 2 hours, 58 minutes, 23.38474 seconds. And we can get more specific yet. It is not countable.

Source: Greene